Introduction

Within the last decade there have been a number of transit disputes that have had serious repercussions for countries dependent on energy imports. The 2006 and 2009 transit disputes between Russia and the Ukraine are prominent examples. The consequences of these disputes are still echoed as part of the EU´s policy to diversify away from dependence on Russian gas imports. The nature of transit, being tri-lateral at its simplest, makes it a multifaceted regulatory subject. An inherent division of interests between the parties to transit exists: export countries require security ...