Introduction

Terror threats, kidnappings, natural disasters and civil war - all recognised dangers to the world's oil producing nations. And that's before you even start considering the more commonly associated risks, including financial fluctuations, equipment failure, pollution, etc. But how can international oil and gas firms protect themselves and mitigate against the hazards, some of which are outwith their control, especially in producing countries with a conflict situation? Typical questions companies need to ask themselves about their investments include: is it ...