Introduction

(Addendum to OGEL 4 (2021) - October 2021) Pipelines are not clementines. International pipeline investments are high risk investments that entail large upfront costs with long payback periods. Their construction is time consuming and involves several stages, including, among many other things, planning, environmental impact assessments and permitting, procurement of major contracts, line pipe production etc., transporting the material to site, laying the pipelines, testing and cleaning, before finally filling the pipeline. As Advocate General Bobek notes in his Opinion, embarking ...