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The Energy Charter Conference, an inter-governmental organization, is the governing and decision-making body for the Energy Charter process, and was established by the 1994 Energy Charter Treaty.

All states who have signed or acceded to the Treaty are members of the Conference, which meets on a regular basis - normally twice a year - to discuss policy issues affecting energy cooperation among the Treaty’s signatories; to review implementation of the provisions of the Energy Charter Treaty and the Protocol on Energy Efficiency and Related Environmental Aspects; and to consider possible new instruments and projects on energy issues.

Meetings of the Conference are normally held in Brussels. Regular meetings of the Conference’s subsidiary groups on investment, trade, transit and energy efficiency are held in between Conference meetings.